In this Rapra Review Report the factors which influence biodegradation are first explained. Methods of testing and evaluating biodegradation are then described and compared. The principles, relative costs and practical applications of specific tests are outlined together with the position with respect to recognised standards. The range of biodegradable polymers and polymer blends is then described, including natural and synthetic products. Published property data are tabulated where available in order to permit comparison and evaluation of in-service performance. Commercial materials are identified together with reported applications. The range of materials covered includes microbial polyesters, starch, cellulose acetates, polyhydroxy acids, polycaprolactone and polyvinyl alcohol and blends incorporating these and other polymers. Experimental results reported in the international literature are referenced throughout.

This review is supported by an extensive bibliography compiled from the Polymer Library.